BTU to kW Calculator

Convert BTU/hr to kilowatts (and back). Includes tons of cooling conversion and quick reference table for all common AC sizes.

BTU/hr
Conversion result
3.517 kW
BTU/hr12,000
kW3.517
Watts3,516.9
Tons of cooling1.00
BTU/hrkWWattsTonsTypical use
5,0001.4714650.4Window AC (small room)
8,0002.3423450.7Window AC (medium room)
12,0003.5235171.0Window AC (large room) / 1-ton
18,0005.2852751.51.5-ton central AC
24,0007.0370342.02-ton central AC
30,0008.7987922.52.5-ton central AC
36,00010.55105513.03-ton central AC
42,00012.31123093.53.5-ton central AC
48,00014.07140674.04-ton central AC
60,00017.58175845.05-ton central AC
120,00035.173516910.010-ton commercial
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How to Use This Calculator

Choose your conversion direction

Select BTU/hr → kW if you know your HVAC equipment's BTU rating and want the kW equivalent. Select kW → BTU/hr if you have a power rating in kilowatts and need the BTU equivalent.

Enter your value

Type the BTU/hr or kW value you want to convert. For air conditioners, the BTU rating is printed on the unit's label and in the product specifications. Common residential sizes run from 5,000 BTU (small window unit) to 60,000 BTU (5-ton central system).

Use the presets

Click a preset scenario — 1-ton AC (12,000 BTU), 2-ton (24,000 BTU), 5-ton commercial (60,000 BTU), or 10 kW solar — to quickly see the conversion for common equipment sizes.

Read the results

Results show the converted value plus the equivalent in tons of cooling — a common HVAC sizing unit where 1 ton = 12,000 BTU/hr = 3.517 kW.

The Formula

1 BTU/hr = 0.000293071 kW 1 kW = 3,412.14 BTU/hr 1 ton of cooling = 12,000 BTU/hr = 3.51685 kW BTU/hr to kW: kW = BTU/hr × 0.000293071 kW to BTU/hr: BTU/hr = kW × 3,412.14 Tons: tons = BTU/hr ÷ 12,000

A BTU (British Thermal Unit) is the heat energy needed to raise 1 pound of water by 1°F. BTU/hr is the rate of energy transfer — the same as power. The conversion factor 0.000293071 comes from the relationship between thermal and electrical energy units: 1 Wh = 3.412 BTU.

"Tons" of cooling comes from the original way air conditioners were compared to ice — one ton of cooling equals the heat absorbed by melting one ton (2,000 lbs) of ice in 24 hours.

Example

Sizing solar for air conditioning

A homeowner has a 3-ton central air conditioner (36,000 BTU/hr). They want to know how much solar capacity they need to run it.

AC capacity36,000 BTU/hr
Converted to kW10.55 kW (power capacity)
NoteThis is cooling capacity, not electrical draw

Important: the BTU/hr rating of an AC is its cooling capacity, not its electrical consumption. A 36,000 BTU/hr AC with a SEER rating of 16 actually draws: 36,000 ÷ 16 = 2,250 watts (2.25 kW) of electricity. For solar sizing, use the electrical wattage, not the BTU rating.

Cooling capacity36,000 BTU/hr (10.55 kW)
SEER 16 efficiency÷ 16 = 2,250W electrical draw
Solar needed~2.6 kW to offset AC during peak hours

FAQ

BTU (British Thermal Unit) is a unit of energy — the heat to raise 1 lb of water by 1°F. BTU/hr is power — the rate of energy transfer per hour. HVAC equipment is rated in BTU/hr because it describes continuous cooling or heating capacity. In practice, "BTU" and "BTU/hr" are often used interchangeably for HVAC ratings, but technically BTU/hr is correct for power ratings.
Calculate your AC's electrical draw first, not just its BTU rating. Divide the BTU/hr by the SEER rating to get watts: Watts = BTU/hr ÷ SEER. A 24,000 BTU/hr unit at SEER 18 draws 1,333 watts. To run that 8 hours/day, you need about 10.7 kWh/day. In a location with 5 peak sun hours, a 2.5 kW solar array would generate that much daily. Use our Solar Panel Calculator for a full sizing calculation including all your home's loads.
"One ton" of cooling capacity equals 12,000 BTU/hr, which equals approximately 3.517 kW. The term comes from the era before mechanical cooling, when ice was used. One ton of ice melting over 24 hours absorbs about 12,000 BTU/hr of heat. Modern central AC systems are typically sized in tons: 2-ton (24,000 BTU) for small homes, 3-4 ton (36,000-48,000 BTU) for average homes, 5 ton (60,000 BTU) for large homes.
BTU/hr is primarily used in the US for HVAC equipment (air conditioners, heat pumps, furnaces), water heaters, and gas appliances. kW is used globally for electrical power ratings including solar panels, inverters, and motors. In most of the world outside the US, HVAC is also rated in kW. The conversion is important when mixing US HVAC equipment with solar/electrical system calculations.

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