Power Consumption Calculator

Build a load list — get total watts, daily Wh, monthly kWh, and recommended solar size.

$/kWh
hrs/day
Load NameWattsHrs/dayWh/day$/mo
500$2.25
3,600$16.20
320$1.44
390$1.76
30$0.13
14,000$63.00
8,000$36.00
2,500$11.25
Total12,905 W29,340 Wh$132.03
Total power consumption
29,340 Wh/day · 880 kWh/month
Peak load (simultaneous)12,905 W
Monthly electricity cost$132.03/mo
Solar system to offset7.6 kW
Panels needed (400W)19 panels
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How to Use This Calculator

Build your load list

The calculator starts with eight common home loads. Edit any row's name, watts, or hours. Click the × button to remove a load you don't have. Click + Add load to add more loads — useful for off-grid solar systems, RV builds, or custom applications that don't fit the preset appliance list.

Watts vs. Wh per day

The Watts column shows instantaneous power draw. The Wh/day column multiplies watts by hours to get the daily energy. The total Wh/day is what you need your solar + battery system to supply. The total peak watts is what your inverter must handle if all loads run simultaneously.

Solar sizing

Enter your peak sun hours to get an accurate solar system recommendation. The formula uses 86% system efficiency. At 4.5 sun hours (US average), a 10,000 Wh/day load requires about 2.6 kW of solar. Use the actual peak sun hours for your location — this single number can change your system size by 50%.

The Formula

Daily Wh per load = Watts × Hours/day Total Daily Wh = Sum of all load Wh/day Peak Load (W) = Sum of all load Watts (simultaneous worst case) Monthly kWh = Total Daily Wh ÷ 1,000 × 30 Monthly Cost = Monthly kWh × Rate ($/kWh) Solar kW = Total Daily Wh ÷ 1,000 ÷ Peak Sun Hours ÷ 0.86

The peak load figure is important for inverter sizing — your inverter must handle the maximum wattage of all loads that could run at the same time. In practice, not all loads run simultaneously; use 60-75% of peak load as a more realistic inverter sizing target for most installations.

Example

Off-grid cabin — Montana, 5 peak sun hours

Tom and Lisa's weekend cabin has basic loads: lighting, a small fridge, a laptop, phone, and a water pump.

LED Lighting (60W × 5h)300 Wh/day
Mini Fridge (75W × 24h)1,800 Wh/day
Laptop (65W × 3h)195 Wh/day
Phone Charging (10W × 2h)20 Wh/day
Water Pump (500W × 0.5h)250 Wh/day
Total2,565 Wh/day

Result

Peak load710W
Solar system0.6 kW (2 × 300W panels)
Battery (2 days + 50% DoD)428 Ah @ 12V
Inverter1,000W (handles peak pump start)

A modest 600W solar system with two 300W panels covers this cabin's daily needs at 5 peak sun hours. Two days of battery backup (50% DoD lead-acid, or one 100Ah lithium for similar capacity) handles cloudy weekends. Total system cost: approximately $1,200-1,800 DIY.

FAQ

Your inverter must handle the peak instantaneous load. The table's "Total Watts" is the worst-case scenario — all loads running at once. In practice, use 60-75% of total watts as your inverter sizing target, but always add 25% safety margin on top of that. For loads with motors (pumps, AC, refrigerators), check the startup surge — motors can draw 3-6× rated watts at startup. A soft starter or dedicated motor-start capacitor reduces this surge.
Peak load is the maximum power drawn at any instant — relevant for inverter sizing. Average load is the actual energy consumed divided by time — relevant for battery and solar sizing. Example: a 5,000W electric dryer running 30 minutes has a peak load of 5,000W but only contributes 2,500 Wh (2.5 kWh) to daily energy. Your solar and battery must supply the Wh; your inverter must handle the W.
Battery Ah at 12V = (Daily Wh × Autonomy Days) ÷ (12V × Depth of Discharge). For lead-acid (50% DoD): Battery Ah = (Wh × Days) ÷ 6. For lithium (80% DoD): Battery Ah = (Wh × Days) ÷ 9.6. Example: 3,000 Wh/day × 2 days of autonomy with lithium = 6,000 Wh ÷ 9.6 = 625 Ah, or roughly a 100Ah battery at 12V × 8V... better expressed as 7.5 kWh of lithium capacity needed.
Use the annual average for your location, not summer peak. US averages: Phoenix 6.5, Los Angeles 5.5, Miami 5.5, Dallas 5.0, Denver 5.0, New York 4.0, Seattle 3.5. For precise values, use NREL's PVWatts tool or our Peak Sun Hours Calculator. If you're sizing for worst-case winter production (off-grid), use the December value from PVWatts, which can be 30-50% lower than the annual average.
Yes — this is one of the most common uses. Enter all your loads, set your peak sun hours, and the calculator gives you the solar kW needed. For a complete off-grid system, you'll also need battery sizing (add autonomy days) and charge controller sizing (solar watts ÷ battery voltage × 1.25). Use our Off-Grid Solar Calculator for a fully integrated design that includes all four system components.

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