RV Battery Calculator

How many amp-hours does your RV battery bank need? Enter your usage and autonomy — get exact Ah with AGM and lithium configurations.

Wh/day
days
You need a battery bank of
1,000 Ah @ 12V
Total Wh stored6,000 Wh
Usable energy6,000 Wh
Est. bank weight1,600 lbs
Est. cost range$1,350–$1,800
Recommended charge current200 A
Battery sizeQty neededTotal Ah
100 Ah101000 Ah
200 Ah51000 Ah
230 Ah51150 Ah
280 Ah41120 Ah
300 Ah41200 Ah
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How to Use This Calculator

Enter your daily energy usage

The daily energy usage in watt-hours is the total power your RV or van consumes per day. If you don't know this number, use the RV Solar Calculator or the Electricity Usage Calculator to add up your appliances. A typical minimalist RV uses 500-1,000 Wh/day. A full-timer with AC might use 3,000-5,000 Wh/day.

Set days of autonomy

Days of autonomy is the number of days you need to run solely on battery power, with no solar input. This directly multiplies your battery bank size. For weekend van life, 2 days is typical. Full-timers in cloudy climates often plan for 3-4 days. More autonomy means a heavier, more expensive battery bank — balance it with your travel style.

Choose system voltage and battery type

12V is the default for RVs and vans — it works with the vehicle's existing 12V loads. 24V reduces wire sizing for the same power and suits larger systems. Choose your battery chemistry carefully: LiFePO4 (lithium) allows 80-90% depth of discharge; AGM and flooded lead-acid should be limited to 50% to preserve cycle life and avoid sulfation.

Depth of discharge (DoD)

The DoD is the single biggest factor in how large your battery bank needs to be. At 50% DoD, you need twice the Ah you'd need at 100%. Keeping AGM batteries above 50% state of charge dramatically extends their service life from 300 cycles to 500+. LiFePO4 at 80% DoD is the industry standard — you get nearly twice the usable capacity from the same rated Ah compared to AGM.

The Formula

Total Wh needed = Daily Wh × Days of autonomy Bank Ah = Total Wh ÷ System Voltage ÷ Depth of Discharge (%) Number of batteries = Bank Ah ÷ Individual battery Ah (round up) Recommended charge current = Bank Ah × 0.20 (C/5 rate)

The C/5 charge rate (20% of capacity per hour) is the standard recommended charge rate for most batteries. Charging at C/5 means a 200Ah bank takes about 5 hours from empty at 40A. LiFePO4 batteries accept faster charging (up to C/2 or C/1 with a proper BMS) but C/5 is a safe default for all chemistries.

Example

Taylor — Full-time RV traveler comparing AGM vs Lithium

Taylor uses 2,000 Wh/day and wants 3 days of autonomy at 12V. They're comparing AGM (50% DoD) vs lithium (80% DoD).

Daily usage2,000 Wh/day
Days of autonomy3 days
System voltage12V

AGM (50% DoD)

Bank Ah needed1,000 Ah @ 12V
Configuration5 × 200Ah AGM batteries
Estimated weight~1,600 lbs
Estimated cost~$1,500–$2,000

Lithium LiFePO4 (80% DoD)

Bank Ah needed625 Ah @ 12V
Configuration3 × 280Ah LiFePO4 batteries
Estimated weight~500 lbs
Estimated cost~$2,500–$3,500

The lithium bank weighs less than a third of the AGM bank and takes up much less space — critical in an RV. Over a 10-year lifetime, the lithium bank will outlast multiple AGM replacements, making the total cost of ownership lower despite higher upfront cost.

FAQ

It depends on your daily usage and how long you boondock. A minimalist setup at 800 Wh/day needs about 133 Ah (lithium, 3 days) or 200 Ah (AGM, 3 days). A full-timer at 2,000 Wh/day needs 625 Ah lithium or 1,000 Ah AGM for 3 days. Enter your actual Wh/day in the calculator for a precise number.
Wire batteries in parallel (positive to positive, negative to negative) to increase amp-hours while keeping the same voltage. Wire in series to increase voltage (e.g., two 12V batteries in series = 24V). For a 12V system needing 400Ah, wire two 200Ah 12V batteries in parallel. Always use identical batteries of the same age and chemistry when wiring multiple units together.
Depth of discharge (DoD) is the percentage of battery capacity you use before recharging. Discharging AGM batteries below 50% causes accelerated sulfation, reducing their cycle count from 500 to fewer than 200. LiFePO4 batteries have a flat discharge curve and stable chemistry that allows 80-90% discharge safely with 2,000-5,000 cycle life. The DoD limit is the most important factor in battery bank sizing.
200Ah (lithium, 80% DoD) gives you 160Ah of usable capacity, or about 1,920 Wh at 12V. That covers 1-2 days of moderate RV use (lights, fan, phone, small fridge) or about 1 day for a full-timer with heavy loads. For extended boondocking, 400Ah lithium (320Ah usable) is a more comfortable starting point. 200Ah is fine for weekend trips or if you recharge daily from solar or driving.
No — never mix battery chemistries in the same bank. AGM and lithium have different charge profiles, voltage curves, and discharge characteristics. Mixing them will cause one type to over-charge or over-discharge, damaging or destroying the batteries. If upgrading from AGM to lithium, replace all batteries at the same time and update the charger profile on your converter/charger.

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