Solar Lease vs Buy Calculator

Compare the true 25-year cost of leasing vs buying — including escalating lease payments, the 30% tax credit, and loan payoff savings.

$
%
years
$
%/yr
kWh/yr
$/kWh
%/yr
25-year total cost comparison
LEASE (25 yr total)
$51,817
No ownership, no ITC
BUY (net cost)
$16,800
After 30% ITC, you own it
25-yr electricity avoided$56,251
Net cost (buy, after ITC)$16,800
Loan monthly payment$173/mo
Lease monthly (yr 1)$120/mo
Lease monthly (yr 25)$238/mo
YearLease paymentSolar savingsLease net (cum.)Buy net (cum.)
Year 1$1,440/yr$1,650/yr$210-$25,288
Year 5$1,614/yr$1,820/yr$1,040-$26,556
Year 10$1,863/yr$2,058/yr$2,041-$27,114
Year 15$2,149/yr$2,327/yr$2,968-$20,176
Year 20$2,479/yr$2,630/yr$3,783-$7,646
Year 25$2,860/yr$2,974/yr$4,433$6,520
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How to Use This Calculator

Enter system cost and ownership details

For the buy scenario, enter the gross system cost, federal tax credit (0.30 = 30%), and if financing, the loan rate and term. The calculator computes the net purchase cost after the ITC. For a cash purchase, set the loan rate and term to 0. The tax credit only applies when you own the system — leases don't qualify.

Enter lease terms

Enter your monthly lease payment from your solar lease or PPA agreement. The annual escalator is the rate at which your payment increases each year — commonly 2-3.9%. A 2.9% escalator means a $120/month payment grows to about $230/month by year 25. This is the most often overlooked cost in lease agreements.

Set production and electricity costs

Both scenarios use the same solar production and electricity rate to calculate avoided grid costs. In the lease scenario, avoided grid costs are offset by lease payments. In the buy scenario, they're offset by loan payments (during the loan term) then become pure savings after payoff.

Read the 25-year comparison

The table shows cumulative net position for each option at years 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25. The "buy net" becomes strongly positive after the loan payoff year. The "lease net" depends heavily on the escalator — low-escalator leases can still provide meaningful savings; high-escalator leases can become negative toward year 20-25.

The Formula

Buy net cost = Gross system cost × (1 − Tax credit %) Buy annual savings = Solar kWh × Electricity rate × (1 + Rate increase)^year Buy cumulative = Sum of annual savings − Loan total (or cash cost) Lease annual cost = Monthly payment × 12 × (1 + Escalator)^year Lease annual savings = Solar kWh × Electricity rate × (1 + Rate increase)^year Lease cumulative = Sum of (annual savings − annual lease cost) Buy advantage = Buy cumulative − Lease cumulative at year 25

The critical variables are the lease escalator vs electricity rate increase. If your lease escalates faster than your electricity rate rises, leasing becomes less valuable over time. If your utility rate rises faster than the escalator, leasing stays attractive. In most historical scenarios, buying wins significantly over 25 years.

Example

The Chen family — choosing between lease and loan

An installer quotes a $24,000 8kW system for the Chen family. They can lease for $120/month with a 2.9% escalator, or finance with a 12-year loan at 6.99% after the 30% ITC ($16,800 loan). The system produces 11,000 kWh/year. They pay $0.15/kWh and expect 3% annual rate increases.

Lease: Year 1 payment$1,440/yr ($120/mo)
Lease: Year 25 payment$2,750/yr ($229/mo)
Lease: 25-yr total paid~$51,000

Buy (loan at 6.99% / 12 years)

Net cost after 30% ITC$16,800
Monthly loan payment$185/mo
Year 1 savings$1,650/yr
25-yr net advantage over lease+$35,000

Buying wins dramatically. The loan-financed buyer owns the system after year 12 and enjoys ~$2,800/year in free savings from years 13-25. The lessee's payment keeps rising to $229/month by year 25. Over 25 years, the buyer is $35,000 better off — and owns a system that adds value to their home.

FAQ

In almost every scenario where you can qualify to buy, buying produces better financial outcomes over 25 years. Buying gives you: (1) the 30% federal tax credit, (2) home value increase, (3) no escalating payments, and (4) free electricity after the loan is paid off. Leasing makes sense if: you have no federal tax liability to apply the ITC against, you don't want any responsibility for the system, or you can't qualify for a loan. The calculator above shows the specific dollar difference for your situation.
At the end of a 20-25 year lease, you typically have three options: (1) Renew the lease for another term (usually at market rates), (2) Buy the system at fair market value (often $1-3 per watt — the system is now 20+ years old with degraded panels), or (3) Have the leasing company remove the system. The removal option returns your roof to its original state but you lose all future solar production. Most homeowners who can afford it choose to buy out the lease at end of term.
Studies consistently show leased solar adds little to no home value — and can actually complicate or slow sales. Buyers must qualify to assume the lease or the seller must buy out the lease at closing. Owned solar (purchased or financed) adds an average of $15,000-25,000 to home value according to multiple studies. This is another significant advantage of buying over leasing that isn't captured in pure cash-flow comparisons.
A solar lease charges a fixed monthly payment for use of the solar equipment, regardless of how much electricity it produces. A PPA (Power Purchase Agreement) charges per kilowatt-hour of electricity the system actually produces — essentially buying your own solar power at a fixed rate (often $0.08-0.12/kWh) instead of the grid rate. PPAs can be advantageous when the PPA rate is well below your utility rate, but like leases, you don't own the system and don't get the tax credit.

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